Senin, 16 April 2012

The effect of social network

   As we know in this globalization era there are many people who used anything with high technology. There are many effects of technology for people.There is negative and positive effect. One of the negative effect pornography, but how about the social networking like facebook, twitter, or yahoo mesangger which almost whole people used in this era. Before we talk about the social networking, the social networking defined by wikipedia sites is social structure made of nodes(which are generally individuals or organization) that are tied by one or more specific types of relations. This article is about one of social networking is Facebook.16th most visited website on the Internet in the U.S. (comScore, 2008a), with 34 million unique visitors by January 2008, and as the 13th most popular website worldwide (comScore, 2008b), with 98 million unique visitors by December 2007. As of March 2008, Facebook reported having 67 million active users (those who have returned to the site in the last 30 days), with more than half of them returning daily and spending an average of 20 minutes per day on the site (Facebook, 2008).
    Existing research shows that young people are motivated to join these sites to keep strong ties with friends, to strengthen ties with new acquaintances, and, to a lesser degree, to meet new people online (Acquisti & Gross, 2006). At the same time, sites like Facebook allow them to exchange news and discuss issues, both public and private.
    Facebook was created in February 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes as a site for Harvard students only. Shortly after, it expanded to any college student with a .edu e-mail account. Between Fall 2005 and Fall 2006, Facebook expanded to high school networks, first, work networks, later, and, eventually, to Internet users in general. According to comScore Inc.’s rankings of top websites, in 2008 Facebook.com was ranked as the
    Like most social network sites, Facebook provides a formatted web page into which each user can enter personal information, including gender, birthday, hometown, political and religious views, e-mail and physical addresses, relationship status, activities, interests, favorite music and movies, educational background and a main personal picture. After completing their profile, users are prompted to identify others with whom they have a relationship, either by searching for registered users of Facebook or by requesting their contacts to join Facebook (usually by e-mail). Once someone is accepted as a "friend," not only the two users’ personal profile but also their entire social networks are disclosed to each other. This allows each user to traverse networks by clicking through "friends’" profiles, so that one’s social network snowballs rapidly across people and institutions (Walther, Van Der Heide, Kim, Westerman, & Tong,
This capability is the backbone of Facebook and other SNS and what attracts millions of users around the globe.
   Facebook profiles also include two types of messaging services. A private system, which is very similar to a webmail service, and a public system called "The Wall," where "friends" leave comments to the owner of the profile that can be viewed by other users. Usually, "The Wall" contains short messages that reflect sentiments, common activities between "friends," or call attention to external websites or events. To keep users updated about their social circles, Facebook has two features: "News Feed", which appears on the homepage of each user, and "Mini-Feed", which appears in each individual’s profile. "News Feed" updates a personalized list of news stories throughout the day generated by the activity of "friends" (e.g., John added the Rolling Stones to his favorites, Jane changed her status to "single" again, etc.). Thus, each time users log in, they get the latest headlines in their social networks. "Mini-Feed" is similar, except that it centers around one individual. Each person’s "Mini-Feed" shows what has changed recently in their profile and what content or modules ("applications") they have added. Because individuals can delete from their own "Mini-Feed" stories they do not like, users retain control of who gets to read or see what about them.
Among the most popular modules users can incorporate to their profiles is "Facebook Groups," which allows users to create and join groups based around common interests and activities. The "Groups" application displays each individual’s groups as well as groups their "friends" have joined recently. Thus, an important share of the civic and political impact of Facebook should occur within groups developed by users and organizations. This article cited form Valuenza, Park and Kee(2008).